Christianity was reintroduced by Western missionaries, who established a number of Russian Orthodox, Roman Catholic, and Protestant congregations. Inaccessible and isolated islands and the peninsula of western Kyushu continued to harbour “hiding Christian” villages until the ban was lifted by the Meiji government in 1873. After the establishment of the Tokugawa shogunate (1603), Christians were persecuted, and Christianity was totally banned in the 1630s. It initially was well received, both as a religion and as a symbol of European culture. Photos PackĬhristianity was introduced into Japan by first Jesuit and then Franciscan missionaries in the mid- to late 16th century. Kawasaki Daishi (or Heigen) Temple, Kawasaki, Kanagawa prefecture, Japan. Most of the major Buddhist sects of modern Japan, however, have descended from those that were modified in the 13th century by monks such as Shinran, who established an offshoot of Pure Land (Jōdo) Buddhism called the True Pure Land sect (Jōdo Shinshū), and Nichiren, who founded Nichiren Buddhism. Zen Buddhism, the development of which dates to the late 12th century, has maintained a large following. The Tendai ( Tiantai) and Shingon sects were founded in the early 9th century, and they have continued to exert profound influence in some parts of Japan. In the 8th century Buddhism was adopted as the national religion, and national and provincial temples, nunneries, and monasteries were built throughout the country. Direct contact with central China was maintained, and several sects were introduced. FPGīuddhism, which claims the largest number of adherents after Shintō, was officially introduced into the imperial court from Korea in the mid-6th century ce.

Emperors and empresses regnant of JapanĮntrance to the Outer Shrine (Gekū) of the Ise Shrine, Ise, Mie prefecture, Japan.

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